TECHNICAL
Fundamental of the Tensile Structures:
Membrane structures are formed by double curvature to resist loads imparted on it by tensioning.
Anticlastic Surfaces:
The centers of curvature of the membrane are on opposite sides of the membrane e.g. hyperbolic parabaloid, torus
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Synclastic Surfaces:
The centers of curvature of the membrane are on the same side of the membrane. e.g sphere or balloon
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The Process of Making : Classes of Construction:
Membranes
Nets
Pneumatics
Suspended
Arches, Vaults and Shells
Branched
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Membranes:
The structural membrane acts also as the weathershield.
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Cable Nets:
A separate grid of structural cables supports a non–structural weathershield.
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Pneumatics:
The tension force is created by an interior positive pressure and the membrane acts as the weathershield
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Suspended:
These constructions are usually curved in one direction only and are stabilized by their own weight, by stiffening the surface or guying.
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Arches, Vaults & Shells:
Arch and vault constructions use little material and small mass when the form is generated by the inverted catenary, or for shells, the inverted net.
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Branched:
These constructions are three dimensional supporting systems based on minimal path systems. They can be investigated with soap films between two parallel.
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Equilibrium Forces:
Anticlastic Surfaces: The surface is stabilized because the tension forces from prestressing or load are in equilibrium.
Synclastic Surfaces: The surface is stabilized because the tension forces from internal pressure are in equilibrium with the tension forces in the membrane.
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Materials:
Membrane Construction:
Textile Architecture: Application of Coated Textiles which is specially manufactured for Construction and Architecture
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Strength:
The architectural membrane would have a tensile strength of 10 tonnes in the warp and weft .This is in the case where you need a high safety factor on maximum design loads.
The tensile strength is reduced in case of structures with lighter design loads.
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